Reasoning with evidence: Interpret and analyze quantitative data and models, utilize conceptual thinking techniques such as correlation vs. causation, counterfactual reasoning, and baseline vs. change analysis.
Systems thinking: Understand systems analysis basics including feedback loops and stocks and flows, and build and critique environmental or climate systems models.
Tools and tradeoffs: Build and interpret quantitative models like cost-benefit analysis or life cycle assessment models; understand the analysis of tradeoffs in an environmental context and identify related cognitive biases.