TIME: TWO HOURS

SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER SIX QUESTIONS (ALL QUESTIONS ARE EQUAL VALUE). FULLY COMPLETE FRONT OF EXAMINATION BOOKLET.

INSTRUCTOR'S NAME: W.K. FLETCHER SECTION NUMBER: 203
 
 

1. Sketch: (a) a simple symmetrical anticline and label the limbs of the fold and the fold axis; (b) a normal fault; and (c) a reverse fault. What kind of stress produces normal faults and in what geological environments do normal faults develop?
2. In areas of complex folds geologists often have to rely on small-scale structures to determine if folded beds are the rightway-up or inverted. Sketch a recumbent fold showing some of the criteria you might use to help decide which limb is rightway-up and which is inverted.
3. You are responsible for setting up a science display at a ski resort: make a poster (i.e. draw and label some simple sketches) showing the main features of a valley glacier and explain what factors affect the length of a glacier.
4. Sketch a delta to show: (1) the channel pattern and features you would see from a plane; and, (2) a cross section from the delta out to deeper water.
5. Describe the movement of bed load and suspended load by a river.
6. Large streams and river often show meandering or braided channel patterns. How do meanders develop and what might cause a meandering river to become braided?
7. What factors influence the rate of flow of groundwater and what problems can result if the rate of pumping from a well exceeds the rate at which the groundwater supply is replenished?
8. Sketch and briefly describe the following mass wasting events: debris falls, rock slides, mud flows, slumps. Summarize the conditions or events that might trigger mass wasting events.
9. Draw sketches to show barchan dunes, transverse dunes and linear dunes in a desert. Mark wind directions on your sketches and explain the interactions between wind and availability of sand that creates each of these dune types.