Simplified map of Vancouver Island showing the distribution of the Karmutsen Formation (green) and underlying Paleozoic formations (black; after Massey et al., 2005a, 2005b). Areas in white are mostly younger units. The main areas of field study are indicated with boxes or circles with capital letters (see legend). The inset shows the extent of the Wrangellia flood basalts (green) in British Columbia, Yukon, and Alaska.